左右合作運動에 관한 연구

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to study the movement of unifying the right and the left wings (Chawu Hapchak Woondong) processing from 1946 through 1947. After Korea liberated from Japan in 1945, Korean peninsula was divided into two parts by two great powers USA and USSR. It became difficult to establish the unified government through the whole land, especially after the breakdown of the 1st Joint US-Soviet Commission. At that moment, the movement appeared to overcome the difficult situation representing the desire of Korean people. Central figures of the movement were Kim Kyu-sik on the behalf of the rightists , Lyuh Woon-hyung on the behalf of the leftists and Ahn Jae-hong, Choi Dong-oh etc. Recognizing that Korea was under the control of US and USSR, they tried to solve the problem in the relation with those powers. They had two purposes of the movement, one was resumption of Joint US-Soviet Commission, the other was establishing a democratic transitional government in accordance with the decision of the Moscow Conference, securing the independence of Korea by unifying the right and the left wings throughout the whole land. It was strongly supported by Hodge (USMGIK) since it corresponded to one of US foreign policies. In spite of their eagerness this movement ended in a failure because of some reasons. My thesis advances searching for the characteristics of this movement in Korean Modern Political History by following points. First, I'll try to find out when this movement outbroke and what was the character of the US foreign policy to Korea. And I'll analyse the response of domestic political groups to this policy. Second, I'll analyse the role of the central group and their ideology and characteristics in the respect of their effect to the movement and the relationship with other domestic political groups. Third, I'll analyse the reason of the failure of this movement in spite of the support of US. This thesis is an analysis of the outbreak, the process and the result, central powers and the lines of this movement. This movement can be thought to have such characteristics as follows : first, though this movement was a result of a US foreign policy to Korea, there was a domestic political group accepting that. Second central power in this movement was a middle group, and they had socialism and social democracy. Third, reasons of the failure of this movement seem be international political environment and extreme bipolarity of ideology in domestic political group. In addition to these reasons, there was such internal problem in movement itself as that the main persons had little firm supporting powers in the country.;本 論文은 美軍政期(1945년 해방이후~1948)에 南韓에서 일어났던 左右合作運動이 現代韓國政治史에서 갖는 위치 및 性格을 규명하는 데에 目的이 있다. 左右合作運動은, 한반도 문제해결의 국제적 연관성을 인식한 기반위에서, 좌우익세력결집과 이를 통한 南北統一政府를 수립하고자 하여 일어난 것으로써, 美國의 對韓政策의 一面이었다. 그러나 비록 美國의 一政策로 시작되었지만, 左右合作運動은 이것을 적극적으로 수용·대처하려 했던 국내정치세력에 의해 활발히 추진되었다. 左右合作運動에 대한 부정적 평가가 많음에도 불구하고 本 論文에서는 다음과 같은 점에 비추어 左右合作運動의 性格을 밝히고 있다. 먼저, 左右合作運動 발생 당시의 美國의 對韓政策의 性格은 어떠하였으며 이에 대한 國內세력의 움직임은 어떠했는가 그리고, 좌우합작운동의 中心勢力이었던 中間派는 어떠한 性格과 이데올로기를 가졌으며 당시 國內 他정치세력과의 관계는 어떠했는가 또한, 미군정의 적극적인 후원과 金奎植·呂運亨 등의 노력에도 불구하고 左右合作運動이 失敗한 이유는 무엇인가 하는 점등이다. 이러한 질문을 배경으로 本 論文에서는 좌우합작운동의 발생·전개과정·추진세력 및 노선분석 등을 통해 左右合作運動의 性格과 이 운동이 現代韓國政治史에서 갖는 위치 및 평가가 어떠한 것인지를 살피고 있다.