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Dietary characteristics of Vietnamese female marriage immigrants in Korea

Title
Dietary characteristics of Vietnamese female marriage immigrants in Korea
Other Titles
베트남 여성결혼이민자의 특성 및 거주기간에 따른 식습관 변화양상
Authors
유지은
Issue Date
2008
Department/Major
대학원 식품영양학과
Publisher
이화여자대학교 대학원
Degree
Master
Abstract
In recent years, international marriages have been rapidly increasing in Korea. The largest fragment of Immigrant wives' were from China. During last 3 years, the increase in Vietnamese wives is prominent. Immigrant populations provide valuable information regarding the way in which changes in environment, dietary intake and lifestyle behavior affect health and disease status. This study has been conducted on Vietnamese female marriage immigrants and their families to examine dietary characteristics of Vietnamese female marriage immigrants and their spouses and its impacts on health. It was also aimed to verify changes in dietary and the related factors according to the length of residence in Korea. The subjects of this study were 278 Vietnamese wives and 185 Korean husbands, recruited from a medical examination center. Anthropometric and hematological variables and dietary intake were assessed. The mean age of Vietnamese subjects was 25.1±0.36 years old, ranging from 18 years to 60 years. Mean length of residence in Korea was 3.0±0.17 years, ranging from less than 1 year to 15 years. The mean body mass index(BMI) and Waist to hip ratio(WHR) were 20.8kg/㎡, 0.8, respectively. The concentration of total cholesterol was 174.0±2.33㎎/㎗, LDL-cholesterol was 108.6±1.91㎎/㎗, triglycerides was 86.8±3.30㎎/㎗, and all were in normal ranges. However, HDL-cholesterol was 48.0±0.69㎎/㎗ and was lower than normal range of 50㎎/㎗. The mean age of their Korean husbands was 41.5±0.43 years old, ranging from 28 years to 63 years. The mean body mass index(BMI) and Waist to hip ratio(WHR) were 24.3kg/㎡, 0.9 respectively. Serum concentration of total cholesterol (190.9±2.47㎎/㎗), LDL-cholesterol (116.9±2.37㎎/㎗), HDL-cholesterol (44.1±0.83㎎/㎗), triglycerides (149.2±9.12㎎/㎗)) were in normal ranges. Health status of both wives and husbands in this study judged by anthropometric parameters and blood profiles is considered to be good. In Vietnamese subjects, the average amount of total daily food intake was 959.7±22.1g, and the percentage of animal and plant foods to total food consumed were 18.1% and 77.8%. In Korean husband subjects, the average of total daily food intake was 1221.3±31.96g, and the percentage of animal and plant foods intake to total foods were 17.0%, 70.1%, respectively. Vietnamese wife subjects consumed more plant foods compared to their spouse. In Vietnamese wife and Korean husband subjects, For dietary intakes carbohydrate intake was high and protein intake was low. Therefore, both wives and husbands in this study showed similar trend in food intake. To evaluate dietary change and health status in relation to the length of residence in Korea. Vietnamese wives were classified into three groups based on the number of years lived in Korea (S group;<1year group, 101, M group;1-3year group, 111, L group;>3year group, 66). It was observed that BMI, weight and waist circumference increased as the length of residence in Korea increased. This would be because of changes in diet and life style in Korea, which is of higher economic and social standards than Vietnam. However, BMI, weight and waist circumference of L group were all within the normal range. High LDL-cholesterol and low HDL-cholesterol in S group. This may suggest that lipid profiles improved with the length of residence in Korea. As the length of residence in Korea was increased, intake of potatoes, nuts, sugar and vegetables increased and intake of fruits decreased. intakes of fat, fiber and folate increased as the length of residence in Korea increased. Animal fat intake was higher in the group of short stay in Korea. In conclusion, health status of both Vietnamese wives and Korean husbands in this study judged by anthropometric, blood parameters is considered to be satisfactory. As the length of residence in Korea increased, BMI, weight, waist circumference, HDL-cholesterol was increased and LDL-cholesterol was decreased, within normal range. Positive correlation was found between wives and husbands in nutrition intakes and MDA(Mini Dietary Assessment) score. This indicates that dietary habits and food intake status are similar between wives and husbands. This also indicates that Vietnamese female marriage immigrants become easily assimilated with dietary behaviors of their husbands. Since this study is cross-sectional of only one 24-hour recall was measured, result of this study showed the interpreted with caution. Despite these limitations, our findings may help dietetic practitioners who work with female marriage immigrants as they identify factors that affect changes in dietary patterns and work toward prevention diet-related disease. Practitioners could use the information to plan nutrition education programs for female marriage immigrants group, so they can make prop디 food choices in their new environment while retaining healthful food habits from their home country. Further study is needed to identify relationships between changes in dietary patterns and health risks for immigrants who may change their lifestyle after immigration in follow-up surveys.;한 인구 집단의 식생활 양식은 다양한 환경적, 사회경제적 요인에 의해 오랜 기간을 거쳐서 형성되며 개인의 식생활 형태는 각 개인이 속한 문화의 영향을 받으며, 이에 따라 건강 상태도 영향을 받는다. 질병의 원인으로서 식생활을 포함한 환경적인 요인을 찾기 위한 연구에 중요하게 이용되는 방법이 이주민에 대한 조사이다. 본 연구는 베트남 여성 결혼이민자와 그 가족들을 대상으로 한국에 온 베트남 여성결혼이민자들의 식생활의 특성과 그들과 결혼한 한국인 남성들의 식생활 실태에 대해 살펴보고자 한다. 또한 남편과 아내의 식생활의 관계와 한국에 온 기간에 따른 식습관 변화와 그에 따른 요인을 규명하고자 한다. 이를 위해 서울 및 대구, 단양, 김해의 건강검진센터를 방문한 베트남 여성결혼이민자 278명, 한국인 남편 185명을 대상으로 신체계측 및 혈액 성분 조사를 실시하였고, 1day 24시간 회상법을 사용하여 식이섭취 조사를 수행하였다. 하지만 어제의 식사가 평소의 식사와 다를 경우는 2day 24시간 회상법을 사용하여 day to day variation을 줄였다. 한국에 온 베트남 여성결혼이민자들이 자신들이 가족 식사의 책임을 담당하고 있으며(77.7%), 대부분의 이민자들은 베트남에서보다 한국에서 meat, milk, vegetable and fruit 식품의 섭취가 증가하였다. 베트남 여성결혼이민자들과 남편들의 체위, 혈액에 따른 건강상태는 모두 양호하였으며 베트남 여성결혼이민자들과 남편들의 영양소 섭취는 탄수화물 섭취 비율이 높고 단백질 섭취 비율이 낮으며 식물성 식품비율이 높았다. 이주민에 대한 다른 나라의 연구에서 이주 한 후의 거주기간에 따라서 건강 상태 및 식습관의 변화가 있는 것을 보고되고 있다. 그러므로 거주기간이 베트남여성결혼이민자들의 식습관 변화와 그에 따른 요인을 알아보기 위하여 한국에 거주한 기간에 따라 3 group으로 나누어 체위, 혈액, 식이 상태의 특성을 살펴보았다. (S group;<1year group, 101명, M group;1-3year group, 111명, L group;>3year group, 66명). 그 결과 거주기간이 길수록 BMI, weight, waist circumference의 비만 및 복부비만 지표 수준이 높았고, HDL-cholesterol 수준이 높았으며, LDL-cholesterol 수준이 낮았다. 하지만 모든 혈액성상은 정상범위에 속해있다는 것에 착안하면 거주기간이 길수록 점차 좋은 상태로 간다고 사료된다. 영양소 섭취는 거주기간이 길수록 fat, fiber and folate 섭취가 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있었지만, 근본적으로 식생활에는 차이가 없다. 결론적으로 베트남여성결혼자이민자 중에서 거주기간에 따른 식생활의 차이는 없었다. 체위 중 BMI, weight, waist circumference는 증가하고 혈액 중 LDL-cholesterol은 감소하였다. 그러나 모든 값이 정상 범위 내에 있었다. 좋은 방향으로 발전한다고 사료된다. 마지막으로 아내와 남편의 식생활 관련에서 대부분의 영양소 섭취량과 각 항목별 MDA score는 상관관계가 있으며 이를 통해 아내와 남편의 식습관과 식이 섭취 상태는 매우 유사함을 알 수 있었다. 이는 남편, 아내가 같은 환경적 요인 특히 식습관이 같아지기 때문에 그에 따른 건강상태도 유사해진다. 결론적으로 베트남여성결혼이민자와 그들의 남편의 건강상태는 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 이 연구의 제한점은 cross-sectional이기 때문에 추후에 cohort 조사를 통해 follow-up 조사가 필요하다.
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