俗談言語의 一般意味論的 硏究

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to preovide a clue to the underst habits of improper language habits of the Korean people by analyzing their language habits and thus contribute to the reo□□anization of a new language habit for proper jud aement of values. To achieve this purpose, proverbs which best reflect the Korean, people's sense of laneunge use were selected chiefly from □mon□ those in Mr. Yi Ki-mun's Dictionary of Proverbs for analytical study. Using the proverbd thus collected, the structure of consciousness, the way of thinking and the pattern of lanauage use in the Korean people were identified on the basis of the theory of general semantics. An analvtical study of the Korean people's language habits with stress on their proverbial language provided the following results. 1. Considerably many language expressions oriented toward allness which is said to be a defect of Aristoteles' formall logic, were observed in the Korean people's language habits. This means th-t the Korean people are tended toward the connotative orientation of language, rather than toward making language corresponding, relative or relevent to the denotative □acts of language. 2. There were many language expressions oriented toward generalization inferring the whole from the observrtion of parts. This ends toward an easy, general and simple judeement of the si□u□tion. 3. There were considerably many alnguage expressions oriented toward udgement identifying language with facts, marked by the use of "be" and adiectives in describing the situation. This is due to the way of thinking based on Aristoteles' formal logic and tends toward the orientation toward indentification. 1. There were considerably many language expressions in one-valued orientation and two-valued orientrtion in the judgement of vrlues and facts, and the one-valued rnd two-valued orientations are considered as the habitual way of thinking of the Korean people. To modern people living a complex system of vrlues, oneunwed and two-valued orientations are not proper form of judgement. 5. The self-reflexiveness of lrnrurge, one of the major concepts of senenal semantics, was considerably observed in the consciousness of she Korean people in their languege use. 6. Many laneguage expressions related to the non-allness orientation, another major concept of general semantics, were observed in the Korean people's language use. 7. Few examples of multi-valued orientation, which is called scientific, positive and democratic orientation in general semantics, were observed in the, Korean people's language use. 8. Extensional orientation, the major principle of general semnntics was not, well reflected in the Korean people's sense of language use.;本 硏究의 目的은 韓國人의 言語習慣을 分析하여 妥當하지 못한 言語習慣을 把握하고 나아가서는 올바른 價値評價를 할 수 있는 새로운 言語習慣을 再構成하는 데 寄與하고자 한다. 이 目的을 爲하여, 韓國人의 言語 使用 意識이 가장 잘 反映된 俗談을 硏究對象으로 選定하고, 資料를 蒐集하기 爲해 李 基文氏의 俗談辭典을 主로 參考하였다. 蒐集된 資料로서 一般意味論의 學說에 立脚하여 韓國人의 意識構造, 思考類型, 言語 表現 類型을 밝혔다. 俗談言語를 中心으로 한 韓國人의 言語 習慣의 分析에서 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. Aristo 形式論理學(formal logic)의 缺點이라고 하는 總稱(Allness) 思考에 依한 言語表現이 韓國人의 言語習慣에 상당히 많다. 이는 言語만의 內包的 思考에 치달아 外延的인 事實에 大鷹, 結付, 關係시키지 않는 思考이다. 2. 一部를 觀察하고 全體를 미루어 推論하는 一般化 思考(Generalization)에 依한 槪括的인 言語表現이 많다. 이는 매우 安易하고 稠雜하고 狀況을 單純化시키는 判斷이다. 3. 言語와 事實을 同一視하는 "…은 …이다" "…은 …하다" 類型의 斷定的(Judgements) 思考에 依한 言語表現이 상당히 많다. 이는 傳統的인 Aristoteles의 形式論理學的 思考方式으로 자칫하면 同一視 思考에 이끌게 된다. 4. 事實世界의 價値評價에 있어서 一側面 또는 二側面으로 思考判斷하는 一値的 思考와 二値的 思考에 依한 言語 表現이 상당히 많다. 一値的 思考와 二値的 思考는 韓國人의 習慣的 思考方式이라고 볼 수 있다. 5. 韓國人의 言語使用에 關한 意識을 보면 一般意味論의 重要槪念인 言語의 自己反映(Self-reflexiveness)에 關한 意識이 隱然中에 많이 擡頭되어 있다. 6. 韓國人의 言語使用에서도 一般意味論에서 主張하는 非總稱(Non-allness) 思考와 通하는 言語 表現이 많이 나타나 있다. 7. 一般意味論에서 科學的, 實證的, 民主主義的 思考方式이라고 하는 多直的 思考는 韓國人의 言語使用에서는 그 用例가 드물다. 8. 一般意味論의 大原則인 外在的 思考(Extensional Orientation)에 關한 意識은, 韓國人의 言語使用 意識에 별로 反映되어 있지 않다.