Counseling의 韓國的 試圖

Abstract

The primary attempt of this thesis is to explore the possibilities of application of counseling theories to Koreans and Korean situations. Counseling puts emphasis on emotional conditions of individuals that have been created due to complex human relations. Furthermore, counseling inevitably deals with the structures of man's personality, consciousness and even mentality that are largely dependent on his emotional life. This thesis, therefore, probes the historical and religious aspects of Korean's personality in the light of general thaories of dynamic structures of human psychology in relation to counseling theories. History of Korea is made of continuous struggles and sufferings on the part of Korean people on account of foreign invasions and domestic misrule. Equally important factors contributed to the formation of Korean personality are to be found in the mental attitude of the general populace, which is characterized by deep-rooted resentment and indignation toward the ruling class. Such peculiar political situations and mental heritage that Koreans are born into tend to make the characteristics of Korean personality equally peculiar. Koreans are strong-willed, militant, and resistant outside, but inside, sentimental and recentive, weak and fatalistic. Moreover, Shamanism and Confucianism are mainly responsible for Korea's social and political tradition that is submissive, conservative, patriarchal, dictatorial and subservient. Koreans, therefore, lack independent and positive thinking. They are alienated from respectable value system. In view of the dynamic structure of human psychology in the formation of human personality, we may safely assume that man becomes productive and creative as long as he is conscious of his own "Self" and capable of supporting himself. Otherwise, he is prone to degenerate into Sadism, Masochism, and Symbiotic tendency in his relations with other people. Symbiotic human relations make it impossible for individuals to grow normally. Considering these and other conditions, the writer of this thesis seriously questions the applicability of non-directive or client-centered counseling methods originated by such noted scholars as Carl R. Rogers and Seward Hiltner to Koreans and their problems. Widely accepted traditional counseling methods, therefore, should be modified for Koreans and their peculiar circumstances. Counseling ought to he able to give sense of direction to the client, and help him find the meaning of life in the true sense of the term.