대마직물의 방매성(Anti-mildew)에 관한 연구

Abstract

본 실험연구는 삼베가 사상균에 대한 자연적 방매성을 갖고 있는지 알아 보기 위해 실시되었다. 삼베, 모시, 광목을 시료포로 하고 Aspergillus niger(AN) KFCC 31213과 Chaetomium globosum(CG) KFCC 31212를 공시균으로 사용하였다. AN은 4 % 당이 첨가된 PDA(Potato Dextrose Agar)배지를, CG는 KS K 0691에 의한 합성배지를 사용하였다. 균생육일에 따른 각 직물들의 약화는 인장강도로 실험하였고 직물별 균생육도를 측정하였다. 삼베를 ethanol에서 추출한 후 TLC plate에서 분리하고 분리된 물질 1,2,3의 자외선 흡수 Spectrum을 조사하였다. 추출물에서의 균생육도를 대조균(Control)과 비교하였다. 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 균생육일에 따른 직물들의 약화는 모시가 가장 약했고 삼베가 제일 강했다. CG의 경우 배양7일에 삼베는 광목의 2.4배, 모시의 4배정도 강했다. AN에서는 약화율이 그다지 크지 않았으며 두 균주를 비교해 볼 때 CG의 cellulase activity가 AN보다 훨씬 강했다. 2. 직물별 균생육도는 AN의 경우 모시에서 배양8일만에 전면발육하였다. 사상균은 배양10일이면 균주나 섬유의 종류에 상관없이 전면발육하였다. 3. 삼베의 ethanol에서의 추출물은 세가지 물질로 각 물질들의 자외선 흡수 spectrum에서의 최대흡수파장과 흡광도는 물질1이 223nm, 0.188, 물질2가 220 nm, 0.184, 물질3이 232 nm, 1.652였다. 4. 추출물에서의 균생육도는 대체적으로 control에 비해 균생육이 억제된 상태였다. AN에서는 물질1의 균생육이 가장 활발했다. CG에서는 세물질 모두 비슷한 곡선을 이루었다. control에 비해 추출물별 균생육도는 (1)/(2)~(2)/(3) 정도 생육상태가 저조하였다. 이상의 결과에서 삼베는 광목, 모시에 비해 방매성을 갖고 있음을 알 수 있다. 이러한 삼베의 방매성은 섬유소 분해효소의 억제물질과 사상균 생육억제 물질의 작용에 의한 것으로 사료되었다.;An experimental study has been maid to investigate the possibility of anti - mildew agent according to natural fabrics especially hemp. Fabrics tested were hemp, Jute and cotton, and fungi applied were Aspergillus niger (AN) KFCC 31213, and Chaetomium globosum (CG) KFCC 31212. Culture media used were PDA (Potato Dextrose Agar) medium for AN and synthetic medium by KS K 0691 for CG. Deteriorations of each fabric according to the period of cultivation were measured by means of tensile strength, and the growths of mildews on the each fabric were measured After extraction from hemp by ethanol, extracted materials were isolated by TLC plate. UV (Ultra Violet) absorption's spectra of three extracted fractions were found out. The growths of mildews on the extracted fractions were compared with control. The results obtained as follow; 1. In the deteriorations of each fabric according to the period of cultivation, jute was very weakened and hemp was the most powful. In the case of CG, hemp was as 2.4 times and 4 times powful as cotton and jute in 7th day of cultivation. In AN, the deterioration's rates of fabrics were not so high, and the cellulase activity of CG was more powful than AN. 2. AN grew whole surface of petri dish in 8th day of cultivation in jute, and CG grew whole surface of petri dish in 7th day of cultivation in cotton. Mildew grew whole surface of petri dish in 10th day of cultivation regardless of kinds of mildew and fabric. 3. The extracted fractions from hemp by ethanol were three fractions. According to UV absorption's spectra of each fraction, the absorption maximum wave length and optical density of fraction I were 223nm, 0.188, those of fraction 2 were 220nm, 0.184, and those of fraction 3 were 232nm, 1.652. 4. In the growths of mildews on the extracted fractions, the growths of mildews were repressed in comparison with control. The growth of mildew on fraction I was the most active in AN. The growths of mildew on all fractions were similar figure in CG. The growths of mildews on the extracted fractions were (1)/(2)-(2)/(3) as compared control, so growing state was not so good. As could be seen above, it could be known that hemp has anti -mildew in comparison with cotton and Jute. It was considered that the anti-mildew of hemp was caused by cellulase inhibitor and mildew represser.