부산국제건축문화제를 위한 포스터제작

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to make promotion poster for Busan International Architecture Cultural Festival. The biacf’s next theme is “Invitation of Korean Traditional Architectural Space”. So I have to study Korean Traditional Architectural Space. Because of the poster shows people that Korean unique architectural space. Traditional Korean architecture, including residential architecture, Buddhist architecture and Confucian architecture, has created unique architectural form and space pattern under the influence of nature, indigenous beliefs, and geomancy. To summarize, a distinct feature of traditional architecture is that organic relations between individual buildings and the whole and between architecture and nature take on great importance. The method of integrating them into the whole is based on an invisible order, as shown in the selection of the site for the architecture and the composition of external space. The significance of an individual building is searched in its relationship with the whole rather than in itself. In this context, I summarize the characteristics of Korean architecture as the following: First, traditional Korean architecture is based on the site. In constructing an architecture, all surrounding factors related to that are weighed. The importance of an individual architecture is not determined in itself, but by its relationship with the surroundings. Second, traditional Korean architecture is based on the entirety, in which parts, the whole, humans and nature are all weighed. Third, traditional Korean architecture seeks diversity and variety in the entirety. Without strictly following the symmetric arrangement of buildings, a great emphasis is given to variation and overall unity. Fourth, in traditional Korean architecture, the courtyard is designated as the center of the architectural space, and this is to achieve harmony with nature. Living in the mountainous environment, Koreans has developed the idea that "humans cannot live in separation from nature." The physical environment is made up mainly by rows of mountains and flat areas among them, and this led the development of geomantic architectural domain. The main architectural space is such that the courtyard, which is the center, is surrounded by structures, and this forms the dominant space pattern of traditional Korean architecture. Traditional Korean architectures, including residential buildings and Buddhist and Confucian buildings, fulfill their own functions, create suitable space patterns, and at the same time, achieve unity with nature. Complex geographical features make it difficult to adopt a symmetric and systematic arrangement of buildings, and instead, they are arranged to fit the topography and the surrounding environment. When this is applied to flat area, a natural, dynamic architectural space is naturally created. This approach of building arrangement and space composition does not mean that there is no architectural order or system. Traditional Korean architecture developed an architectural order or system which emphasized unity and integration. It developed a refined and dynamic space instead of a predictable and static space, and it moved from a closed space to an open space - open to nature and surroundings. When a building was built on a sloping site, it was made to draw nature into it in pursuit of unity. In a traditional architecture in which the courtyard is the center, a building, a gate, and a wall make up a set. The building is separated from the gate, but linked back to it via a wall or a hallway. This separation, which is an important feature of traditional Korean architecture, is faithfully followed in all architectural arrangement. The separation of the building and the gate is in line with geomantic view on nature, Buddhist world view and Confucian philosophy. In geomancy, which emphasizes humans' relationship with nature, the separated building and the gate form an architecture in themselves. In terms of architectural composition, the gate plays a guiding role, like a prologue in a book or a prelude in music. It is the introduction of an architecture and simultaneously, provides an idea about the general content of an architecture. It entails the concept of time or movement that has something to do with people's action. This is a feature that distinguishes Korean architecture from Western. In an architecture with several courtyards, the gate is the turning point, by concluding the previous space and opening up to another. It is the starting point of a special or rhythmic change. Performing as the arena of special and scenic changes when people enter into and then leave the courtyard, it integrates the various elements of the architectural setting into one and dissipates confusion. In this arrangement, what is really important is the space surrounded by the buildings, not the appearance of the buildings. And this architectural form enables the formation of harmonious relations between buildings, unlike Modern Western architecture. In this architectural form, scale expansion occurs horizontally, not vertically, around the courtyard, seeking organic harmony. Organic harmony is the primary determinant of the quality of space. Buildings situated around the empty space of the courtyard achieving organic harmony represent an infinite understanding of humanity, architecture and nature. Individual buildings of traditional Korean architecture have characteristic forms, because each comes with its own style of roofs, columns, walls, terraces, etc.. However, those buildings, which are different in size, height, length, and shade, come together in the courtyard, forming a unique combination. Thus, architectures arrayed around the courtyard form a kind of pattern, though it may be unstylistic or irregular. In the latter, the architecture, the surrounding external space and nature are integrated, and this is the core difference between Korean and Western architecture. One can hardly find any special feature in the drawings of a traditional Korean architecture, because they are so simple. However, the spirit of the special arrangement and design is not bound by the flat drawings. What may look plain and similar at a glance brings about a unique space form depending on how the relationship between buildings and nature is defined. The key space form in traditional Korean architecture lies on the change and transformation of various spaces formed by the diverse arrangements of buildings, gates, and courtyards. The space form of traditional Korean architecture is based not on static relations, but on dynamic relations engaged in a continuous movement undergoing introduction, development, conversion and then, summing up. After all I make the poster which have these characters. So I use the mono toned colors of Korean traditional paintings, and spaces. That is new attempt to make Korean traditional space image. By incorporating these all elements, I creates new style of architecture promotion poser of Korean traditional space. And I wish these attempt should successfully announced biacf’s theme, so many foreigners will visit them.;부산국제건축문화제를 위한 포스터제작에 관한 논문으로 2006년에 다시 열릴 부산국제 건축 문화제를 위한 포스터 디자인을 논문의 주제로 선택하였고, 제6회 부산국제건축문화제의 주제인 “한국전통건축 공간으로의 초대”에 맞추어 한국전통건축의 공간미를 포스터를 통해 표현하여 부산국제건축문화제를 세계에 알리고 그 주제에 대한 흥미를 유발시켜 행사참여로 유도하는 이 논문의 목적이다. “한국전통건축 공간으로의 초대”를 가장 적절하게 표현하기 위해 한국전통건축의 공간적 특징에 대해 알아보고, 그 특징들을 어떻게 시각화할 것인지에 대해 연구하여 포스터로 표현한다. 우선 논문의 키워드인 한국전통건축 공간은 크게 건축 사상적 요소와 공간적, 조형적 요소에 의해 분석이 가능하다.이상의 연구를 통해 전통건축의 구조적 조형요소 들의 선과 면으로의 단순화와 수묵화를 도입한 색감의 한국전통 공간적 해석을 따른 구성으로 작품을 표현하였다. 이러한 시도가 한국전통 공간의 아름다움을 세계에 알리는데 큰 역할을 했으면 하는 것이 본인의 바램이다.