MMCP의 원리와 학습에 관한 연구

Abstract

음악 교육에 있어서 창조성이 일반적으로 요구되어진 것은 20세기 후반에 접어들면서부터이다. 창조성이란 적극적이며 동적인 자기 표현이라 볼 수 있다. Ronald B. Thomas가 개발한 MMCP교육 전략의 핵심은 학생들의 창조성 개발이다. 그 근본 사상은, 무엇보다도 먼저 음악의 본질을 이해하고 보다 포괄적인 음악성을 기르자는 것이다. 그것은 1960년을 전후하여, 음악 교육 방면에 새로운 교육 사상을 불러 일으킨 CMP나 Yale Seminar, Tanglewood Symposium등의 기본사상과 많은 공통점을 지니고 있다. MMCP는 포괄적 음악 교육(Comprehensive Music Education)의 입장을 주장하면서, 또한 Bruner의 구조 중심 교과 과정 이론에 근거한 나선형 커리큐럼을 제시했고, 그 커리큐럼상에 나타나 있는 음악 요소들의 개념 이해에 중점을 두며, 그와 아울러 특히 학생들 스스로의 창조적인 학습 활동을 요구하고 있다. 그러므로 MMCP는 보다 능동적이고 적극적인 학습 활동을 요구한다. MMCP는 국민학교 과정에서부터 작곡의 중요성을 예시하고 있다. 그것은 작곡이 학생들에게 음악을 이해시키고 감독시키기 위해서는 가장 효과적인 방법이라고 믿기 때문이다. 그리고 Bruner의 주장에 따라, 아동의 지적·신체적 발달 단계에 맞는 적절한 방법을 연구하여 도입시키면 작곡과 같은 어려운 분야도 초등학교 과정에서의 학습이 가능하다는 것이다. MMCP의 학습 활동들은 이러한 주장에 근거하는 것이라 볼 수 있다. 그리하여 어린 학생들의 무한한 잠재 능력을 일깨우는데 주력을 하고 있다.;It begins at the latter half of the 20th century that creativity is generally required in music education. Creativity can be said positive and active self-expression. The essence of the MMCP strategies presented by Ronald B. Thomas lies in developing creativity of the students. The fundamental thought of it is first of all to understand the basic nature of music and grow for more comprehensive musicianship. This is largely a common thought with those of CMP, Yale Seminar and Tanglewood Symposium which evoke new idea of education earlier or later 1960's. MMCP is urging on the side of comprehensive music education, and it makes spiral curriculum based upon the structure-centered curriculum by Bruner. And it gives emphasis on understanding of the musical concepts. Besides, MMCP demands creative learning behavior of the students themselves. Therefore, MMCP requires more positive and active learning behaviours. MMCP believes that doing composition, is important from the elementary course. That's because composition is believed the most effective method for students to understand and to sense music. According to Bruner, doing composition, though it is hard, is possible to the children of the elementary school if adequate methods which fit to both intellectual and physical stage of development are invented and applied. The sample strategies of the MMCP are based upon this thought and they focus on arousing potential ability of children. MMCP excludes the extorted music educational objectives which have had much emphasis on skills so far, and it focuses on growing musical insights through the broader experiences. And the sample strategies demonstrated in MMCP give new roles to both teachers and students and it makes music laboratory of new learning environment for more creative learning behavior. It is the most important thing of MMCP to make a student at the beginning stage of the strategies think, create and explore as a musician. Learning behaviours by MMCP strategies are certainly new ways to develop creativity of a student. We who live in the rapidly changing age should choose more revolutionary methods than the old fashioned teaching for the future developing music education. And the education should be applied to this age and it should be participant, in other words, it should that students develop their potential abilities and creativities. Therefore, it is valuable that we make a curriculum adequate to educational substances of our country and apply these to our music education after analyzing completely and understanding fully the strategies of MMCP. If we make a good use of educational methods of MMCP, we can make the new method of music education with which the students can understand much more the traditional music of Korean classical music. And they can have more opportunities to contact with it, too. In these points of view, the introduction of the principles and the strategies of MMCP have a great significance for pursuing a revolutionary way to the development of music education in our country.