서울시 저소득층지역의 지리학적 고찰

Abstract

Our country has made a rapid economic progress as a result of succeeding in performing five-year plans for economic development since the 1960's. Advance in economy has drastically been made, but the unbalanced development has appeared between regions and beyond social strata. And the problem of poverty has deepened in some of social strata. The poverty problem is the fundamental task to be overcome in order to provide a way for economic development. This study aims at making an inquiry into demographical, sociological and economic chracteristics in the residential areas of the poor strata in Seoul. An innestigration was made into the characterisics of the dwelling place of the poor social strata through a comparision and inquiry of the ordinary residential areas of Seoul city. For convenience of study, the area to be studied was divided into the 1st area, the 2nd area, and the 3rd area with Seoul city Hall in the center. The statistical values of all kind of data were arranged for purpose of analysis, and an investigation collection and were made of 10 items such as the sex, age, educational standard, occupation, income and the like of householders through making an on-the-spot survey of them. In general, most of the householders within the residential areas of poor social stata or low-income brackets are women householers, lower in the standard of income than the care of the man householders, and engaged mainly in simple labor. In particular, the population of the old-aged stratum prevails in the residential areas of the poor social classes. And the occupational and educational standard of the householders is low in the residential areas of the poor social classes, and most of the householders live in the monthly rented house or the house by lease on a deposit basis. The period of the poor population into the current dwelling place was concentrated on the periphery of the 1st area and the 3rd area of Seoul city before the 1970's, but showed the increasing tendency for the poor population to move from the 3rd area of Seoul city to the periphery of the 1st area. In conclusion, the residential distribution of the residential area of the poor social classes showed a tendency to be concentrated from the periphery to the Core Zone of Seoul city.;우리나라는 1960년대 이후 經濟開發 5개년계획을 成功的으로 修行하여 경제적인 급성장을 이룩하였다. 經濟成長이 급격히 이루어졌으나 地域간·階層간의 不均衡이 나타났고 일부 階層에서는 貧困의 문제가 심화되었다. 빈곤의 문제는 발돋움을 하기 위해서 극복되어야 할 기본과제이다. 本 硏究에서는 서울시 빈민지역에서의 人口·社會學的 특성 및 經濟的 특성을 살펴 보고자 한다. 특히 서울시 일반지역과 비교 고찰하여 貧民地域의 居住地 特性을 살펴 보았다. 硏究를 위해 硏究地域은 市廳을 중심으로 중심지역, 중간지역, 주변지역으로 區分하였다. 分析을 위해 各種 資料의 統計置를 정리했으며, 低所得層地域을 답사하여 가구주의 性과 年齡, 敎育水準, 職業, 所得등의 10개 項目을 조사수집하여 分析하였다. 一般的으로 貧民地城의 가구주의 大部分은 여성가구주들이고 남자가구주에 비해 所得水準이 낮으며, 주로 單純勞動에 종사하고 있다. 특히 低所得 層地域에서는 노년층의 인구가 주를 이루고 있다. 그리고 家口主의 職業 및 敎育水準이 낮고, 家口主는 대부분이 전세나 월세에 居住하고 있다. 현 居住地 流入時期는 지난 70년대 이전에는 중심지역에서 주변지역에 集中되었으나, 80년대부터는 주변지역에서 중심지역으로 점차 증가되는 傾向을 보이고 있다. 結論的으로 貧民地域의 居住地 分布는 주변부에서 중심부로 集中되는 傾向을 볼 수 있다.