취업모와 비취업모의 양육태도에 관한 연구

Abstract

본 연구는 취업모와 비취업모의 양육태도를 비교해 보고 이에 영향을 주는 요인에 따른 양육태도의 차이를 알아보기 위한 것이며, 이런 목적을 위하여 다음과 같은 연구문제를 설정하였다. 1. 취업모와 비취업모의 양육태도에는 차이가 있는가? 2. 취업모의 하위변인에 따른 양육태도에는 차이가 있는가? 3. 배우자의 지원체제에 따른 양육태도에는 차이가 있는가? 4. 각 양육태도간의 상관관계는 어떠한가? 이상의 연구문제를 해결하기 위해 중상류층의 유아교육기관을 무작위로 선정하였고 취업모의 경우는 각 직장을 방문하여 취업모와 비취업모 각각 200명을 대상으로 설문지 조사를 하였다. 어머니의 양육태도는 Schaefer의 Maternal Behavior Research Instrument(MBRI)를 번안하여 이원영이 제작한 것을 본 연구에서 알아보려는 것만 선택하여 사용하였다. 양육태도 측정척도는 5단계 평정척으로 되어 있으며 어머니 자신이 기록하게 되어 있다. 자료는 SAS 통계처리 프로그램에 의해 전산처리 되었으며, 일원 변량분석을 통한 Duncan의 다중검정, t검증, 상관계수를 적용·산출하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 취업유무에 따른 양육태도에는 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 2. 취업모가 취업에 만족하면 애정적이고 자율적인 태도를 보였고, 근무시간이 짧을수록 근속년수가 짧을수록 더 애정적인 태도를 보였다. 또 전문직 종사자가 서비스직 종사자보다 더 애정적이고 덜 거부적인 태도를 보였다. 3. 배우자의 취업지지도에 따른 양육태도는 지지하는 집단이 그렇지 않은 집단보다 더 애정적이고, 자율적이며, 덜 통제적인 것으로 나타났다. 4. 각 양육태도의 상관관계를 분석한 결과, 애정적일수록 자율적이며, 더 통제적인 태도를 나타냈다.;This study is to examine the factors affected on child-rearing attitudes of working mother and nonworking mother and following study questions were established for this purpose: 1) Would there be any difference in child-rearing attitudes between working mother and nonworking mother? 2) Would there be any difference in child-rearing attitudes pursuant to the intrastructural factors of working mother? 3) Would there be any difference in child-rearing attitudes pursuant to the voluntary system by the husbands of working mothers? 4) How is the correlation between each one of their child-rearing attitudes? In order to solve the above questions, the early childhood educational institions were randomly sampled, as for the mothers with jobs, with laying stress on their professional jobs and clerical jobs, etc., a series of enquete were applied to 200 persons respectively for working mothers and nonworking mothers through paying visits to each job site. The child-rearing attitudes of mothers were applied to only the ones translated by Lee, Won-young from "Maternal Behavior Research Instrument" devised by after. The measurement on the child-rearing attitudes were consisted of five scales and it was designed to be recorded by the mothers themselves. The data, in conformity with the programs presented by SAS, one way analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple range test, t-test , and correlation coefficient were applied and calculated. The findings of this study are as follows: 1) There was no difference in the child-rearing attitudes according to whether one has a job or not. 2) If the mothers with jobs satisfy with their employment, their affective and autonomous attitudes were shown. The shorter time they work, the shorter period of their employment, the more their affective attitudes were appeared. Those who were engaged in specialized jobs were shown with more affective and less refusal attitudes than those who were engaged in service jobs. 3) The child-rearing attitudes of working mothers pursuant to the support renderred by their husbands were appeared with more affective attitudes than those who did not obtain any support from their husbands. However, there was no relationship between the coorperative degree by husband for taking case of houseworks and the child-rearing attitudes respectively. 4) As the result of analyzing the correlations of each child-rearing attitude, the more affective, the more autonomous and controlled attitudes were then appeared.