一般學生 및 問題學生의 音樂的 趣向 比較 調査

Abstract

現代社會는 近代化와 合理主義가 고도로 발달함에 따라 靑少年非行은 그 量과 質에 있어서 가장 重要한 社會問題의 하나로 대두 되고 있다. 質的으로는 集團化, 凶惡化 되어가고 量的으로는 增加하고 있다. 그중 中·高等學校의 一般學生과 問題學生의 音樂에 對한 全般的인 意識傾向을 조사 硏究하여 靑少年의 現實的인 諸 感情的 긴장을 해소, 승화시켜 넓은 視野, 깊은 理解, 풍부한 感受性을 부여하고 용기와 강한 意志를 북돋아 줌으로써, 一般學生과 問題學生의 올바른 情緖敎育에 도움이 되고자 하는데 本 硏究의 目的과 意義를 두는 것이다. 本 硏究에서는, 女子高等學校와 男子中學校에서 一般學生과 問題學生의 反應을 學年別로 구분하여 720명의 學生을 표집해서 學校 音樂授業에 대한 興味度와 希望度, 音樂에 대한 趣向과 意識傾向, 放送音樂에 대한 態度, 反應 및 意識傾向에 대하여 알아 보았다. 問題學生의 선정은 各 學級의 담임 敎師가 學級內의 不適應兒, 盜癖, 不良行爲 學生(飮酒, 吸煙, 凶器所持, 싸움 등), 學業不振, 常習的 無斷欠席 등을 기초로 하여 선정하여 준 것을 자료로 하였다 硏究의 결과로 다음과 같다. 1. 대부분의 學生들이 音樂時間에 대해 만족감을 보였다. 問題學生이 一般學生 보다 音樂時間을 즐겁게 생각하고 있었으며, 學生들이 音樂授業에 있어 創意的이며 活動的인 作曲이나 演奏보다는 노래나 감상에 치우치려 하는 傾向이 있으므로 曲選擇과 授業環境, 敎師의 能力에 따라 음악수업에 대한 관심과 學生들의 情緖敎育에 많은 영향이 미치리라 본다. 2. 一般學生과 問題學生의 약 반수 정도의 학생이 音樂會에 가 본 경험이 전혀 없으며, 또 간다고 하더라도 우연한 기회에 가게되며, 그中 大衆歌手의 리사이틀을 가장 많이 가는 것으로 反應이 나타나서, 그들의 音樂的 경험의 수준이 낮은 것을 알 수 있으며, 학교수업이외의 音樂活動의 기회가 거의 없어 音樂的 能力을 발휘할 곳이 없으므로 學校이외에서 學生들이 音樂的 能力을 向上, 발전 시킬만한 音樂的인 場을 學校, 家庭, 社會, 國家가 마련해 주어야 하리라 본다. 3. 學生들의 音樂에 對한 意識傾向에서, 音樂이란 人間生活에 정서 함양으로 人格形成에 도움이 된다는 것을 認識하고 있었으며, 國樂에 대해서는 민족의 얼이 담긴 音樂이므로 널리 보급 발전시켜 바르게 認識 시켜야 한다고 하여 國樂에 對해 올바른 인식을 갖고 있었으나 그들은 대부분의 時間을 Pop song과 대중가요를 방송매체를 통하여 듣는데 보내고 있다. 또 問題學生은 신나며 저절로 흥이 나는 노래가사를 좋아하였고, 女高의 一般學生은 약간 슬프며 애수 띤 歌詞를 좋아하는 것으로 나타나 學生들이 敎育的 歌謠가 人格形成에 좋은 줄은 알고 있으나 실생활에 애용이 안되며, 학생들이 Pop song이나 대중가요로 音樂的인 취미활동을 함을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 靑少年들에게 좀 더 敎育的 가치가 있는 敎育的인 프로그램이 계획 되어야 할 것이다.;Modern society is a civilized society in which modernization and rationalism have reached sophisticated state. Modern time is called an era of welfare society boasting social security and respect for human rights. However, the world as a whole, in advanced and developing countries alike, has been plagued by social problems. In particular, juvenile delinquency has emerged as a grave social issue, and that is no exception to our country. Juvenile delinquency has been growing and getting worse. This study, dealing with general trend and attitude toward music among problem students, is intended to help the problem students gain new vision, understanding and good sentiments by taking out their frustration and pent-up emotion. This study is also intended to help the problem students keep themselves free of fear and a sense of pressure, to breathe courage into them, and thus to cultivate good aesthetic sentiments through music. In this study, responses from problem students are compared with those from ordinary students for each grade in an attempt to measure the level of their interest in music education, preference in music, views of music, attitude toward broadcast songs. Involved in the study were 720 students in girls' high schools and boys' middle schools. The results are as follow: The selection of problem students was made through the courtesy of the teachers in charge on the basis of the classification of maladjustment, kleptomania, misdemeanor (drinking, smoking, weapon-carrying, trouble-making, etc.), poor results in school record, frequent absence from school, etc. 1. Most of the students showed satisfaction with music education, and problem students were generally wuch more interested in music education than ordinary students. Ordinary students revealed slight disregard toward music education, apparently because they were preoccupied with college entrance examination. And they tended to end up music education time simlly with singing and appreciation rather than showing any creative approach toward music, including composition or performance. It is assumed, therefore, that the selection of melodies, classroom environment and the ability of music teachers have considerable impact on the interest of problem students in music and their sentiments. In this respect, some new pedagogic methods concerning Korean national classical music, composition and arts to handle musical instruments should be developed. 2. Half the problem and ordinary students had any chance to go to musical concerts. If they were to go to musical concerts, problem students would be interested only when they chanced to get tickets. Recitals by pop singers were most favored, an indication that the level of musical experience among the students were low. Students rarely enjoyed any time set for musical activities other than official classroom education, leaving them with little opportunity to display their musical talent. The schools, homes, social community and the governments are required to provide students with places to enhance and cultivate the musical talent. 3. Students recognized music as an entity to help mankind cultivate their sentiments and personality. The students showed good understanding of Korean national classical music, saying that the national classical music should be widely propagated, since national spirit is inherent in it. In actuality, however, they spent most time avilable to them simply listening foreign and Korean pop songs through broadcast media. Problem students generally favored resilient and brisk music with much fun, while ordinary girl students favored a little pathetic and sorrowful lyrics of songs. In general, students fabored melancholic or psychedelic music rather than bright and healthy music. This shows that there are some problems involved in the education oriented to aesthetic sentiments of students. Educational songs and other aesthetically good songs are not a.ctually well introduced to students, although they regard them as being helpful to the integrity of their personality. Most of the time, students relied on mass communications media for their musical activities, and took out their frustration and anxiety through pop songs. The broadcast music which has adverse influence on the aesthetic sentiments of students should be better reshaped through close cooperation among schools, homes, social community and mass communications media workers, so as to provide students with good music with educational value.;現代社會는 近代化와 合理主義가 고도로 발달함에 따라 靑少年非行은 그 量과 質에 있어서 가장 重要한 社會問題의 하나로 대두 되고 있다. 質的으로는 集團化, 凶惡化 되어가고 量的으로는 增加하고 있다. 그중 中·高等學校의 一般學生과 問題學生의 音樂에 對한 全般的인 意識傾向을 조사 硏究하여 靑少年의 現實的인 諸 感情的 긴장을 해소, 승화시켜 넓은 視野, 깊은 理解, 풍부한 感受性을 부여하고 용기와 강한 意志를 북돋아 줌으로써, 一般學生과 問題學生의 올바른 情緖敎育에 도움이 되고자 하는데 本 硏究의 目的과 意義를 두는 것이다. 本 硏究에서는, 女子高等學校와 男子中學校에서 一般學生과 問題學生의 反應을 學年別로 구분하여 720명의 學生을 표집해서 學校 音樂授業에 대한 興味度와 希望度, 音樂에 대한 趣向과 意識傾向, 放送音樂에 대한 態度, 反應 및 意識傾向에 대하여 알아 보았다. 問題學生의 선정은 各 學級의 담임 敎師가 學級內의 不適應兒, 盜癖, 不良行爲 學生(飮酒, 吸煙, 凶器所持, 싸움 등), 學業不振, 常習的 無斷欠席 등을 기초로 하여 선정하여 준 것을 자료로 하였다 硏究의 결과로 다음과 같다. 1. 대부분의 學生들이 音樂時間에 대해 만족감을 보였다. 問題學生이 一般學生 보다 音樂時間을 즐겁게 생각하고 있었으며, 學生들이 音樂授業에 있어 創意的이며 活動的인 作曲이나 演奏보다는 노래나 감상에 치우치려 하는 傾向이 있으므로 曲選擇과 授業環境, 敎師의 能力에 따라 음악수업에 대한 관심과 學生들의 情緖敎育에 많은 영향이 미치리라 본다. 2. 一般學生과 問題學生의 약 반수 정도의 학생이 音樂會에 가 본 경험이 전혀 없으며, 또 간다고 하더라도 우연한 기회에 가게되며, 그中 大衆歌手의 리사이틀을 가장 많이 가는 것으로 反應이 나타나서, 그들의 音樂的 경험의 수준이 낮은 것을 알 수 있으며, 학교수업이외의 音樂活動의 기회가 거의 없어 音樂的 能力을 발휘할 곳이 없으므로 學校이외에서 學生들이 音樂的 能力을 向上, 발전 시킬만한 音樂的인 場을 學校, 家庭, 社會, 國家가 마련해 주어야 하리라 본다. 3. 學生들의 音樂에 對한 意識傾向에서, 音樂이란 人間生活에 정서 함양으로 人格形成에 도움이 된다는 것을 認識하고 있었으며, 國樂에 대해서는 민족의 얼이 담긴 音樂이므로 널리 보급 발전시켜 바르게 認識 시켜야 한다고 하여 國樂에 對해 올바른 인식을 갖고 있었으나 그들은 대부분의 時間을 Pop song과 대중가요를 방송매체를 통하여 듣는데 보내고 있다. 또 問題學生은 신나며 저절로 흥이 나는 노래가사를 좋아하였고, 女高의 一般學生은 약간 슬프며 애수 띤 歌詞를 좋아하는 것으로 나타나 學生들이 敎育的 歌謠가 人格形成에 좋은 줄은 알고 있으나 실생활에 애용이 안되며, 학생들이 Pop song이나 대중가요로 音樂的인 취미활동을 함을 볼 수 있다. 따라서 靑少年들에게 좀 더 敎育的 가치가 있는 敎育的인 프로그램이 계획 되어야 할 것이다.;Modern society is a civilized society in which modernization and rationalism have reached sophisticated state. Modern time is called an era of welfare society boasting social security and respect for human rights. However, the world as a whole, in advanced and developing countries alike, has been plagued by social problems. In particular, juvenile delinquency has emerged as a grave social issue, and that is no exception to our country. Juvenile delinquency has been growing and getting worse. This study, dealing with general trend and attitude toward music among problem students, is intended to help the problem students gain new vision, understanding and good sentiments by taking out their frustration and pent-up emotion. This study is also intended to help the problem students keep themselves free of fear and a sense of pressure, to breathe courage into them, and thus to cultivate good aesthetic sentiments through music. In this study, responses from problem students are compared with those from ordinary students for each grade in an attempt to measure the level of their interest in music education, preference in music, views of music, attitude toward broadcast songs. Involved in the study were 720 students in girls' high schools and boys' middle schools. The results are as follow: The selection of problem students was made through the courtesy of the teachers in charge on the basis of the classification of maladjustment, kleptomania, misdemeanor (drinking, smoking, weapon-carrying, trouble-making, etc.), poor results in school record, frequent absence from school, etc. 1. Most of the students showed satisfaction with music education, and problem students were generally wuch more interested in music education than ordinary students. Ordinary students revealed slight disregard toward music education, apparently because they were preoccupied with college entrance examination. And they tended to end up music education time simlly with singing and appreciation rather than showing any creative approach toward music, including composition or performance. It is assumed, therefore, that the selection of melodies, classroom environment and the ability of music teachers have considerable impact on the interest of problem students in music and their sentiments. In this respect, some new pedagogic methods concerning Korean national classical music, composition and arts to handle musical instruments should be developed. 2. Half the problem and ordinary students had any chance to go to musical concerts. If they were to go to musical concerts, problem students would be interested only when they chanced to get tickets. Recitals by pop singers were most favored, an indication that the level of musical experience among the students were low. Students rarely enjoyed any time set for musical activities other than official classroom education, leaving them with little opportunity to display their musical talent. The schools, homes, social community and the governments are required to provide students with places to enhance and cultivate the musical talent. 3. Students recognized music as an entity to help mankind cultivate their sentiments and personality. The students showed good understanding of Korean national classical music, saying that the national classical music should be widely propagated, since national spirit is inherent in it. In actuality, however, they spent most time avilable to them simply listening foreign and Korean pop songs through broadcast media. Problem students generally favored resilient and brisk music with much fun, while ordinary girl students favored a little pathetic and sorrowful lyrics of songs. In general, students fabored melancholic or psychedelic music rather than bright and healthy music. This shows that there are some problems involved in the education oriented to aesthetic sentiments of students. Educational songs and other aesthetically good songs are not a.ctually well introduced to students, although they regard them as being helpful to the integrity of their personality. Most of the time, students relied on mass communications media for their musical activities, and took out their frustration and anxiety through pop songs. The broadcast music which has adverse influence on the aesthetic sentiments of students should be better reshaped through close cooperation among schools, homes, social community and mass communications media workers, so as to provide students with good music with educational value.