https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/171038 Sun, 05 Apr 2026 10:40:26 GMT 2026-04-05T10:40:26Z https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274930 Title: Development and validation of prompts for generating simulation scenarios in nursing education using generative artificial intelligence Ewha Authors: 신수진 Abstract: Introduction: Generative artificial intelligence's (GenAI) implementation in the development of simulation scenarios for nursing education is undergoing, highlighting its potential as a transformative tool. The next step is to explore how GenAI can be harnessed more effectively. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate structured prompts that enable nurse educators to generate realistic and pedagogically robust simulation scenarios using GenAI. Design: This methodological study employed the plan–do–check–act (PDCA) model to guide prompts’ iterative refinement. Procedure: Four iterative cycles were conducted during prompt development, each corresponding to an application of the PDCA model. Informed by three preliminary studies, the initial prompts were refined through three rounds of prompting, one round of expert consultation, and two rounds of content validity evaluation, resulting in four rounds of prompt refinement. Results: In the fourth cycle, simulation scenarios were developed for the following three core nursing cases: unstable vital signs, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and postoperative nursing care. Expert evaluation of the scenarios’ educational applicability and clinical representativeness demonstrated that most items exhibited a content validity score of 0.80 or higher. Two exceptions were noted: the item regarding the inclusion of essential patient-case elements scored 0.60 across all cases, while the item concerning the reflection of real clinical situations in Case 2 scored 0.60. The k* values were 0.67 for educational applicability and 0.94 for clinical representativeness. Consequently, 48 prompts were developed. Conclusion: The findings indicate that structured prompts enhance simulated scenarios’ educational applicability and clinical representativeness. Further research is required to evaluate these scenarios’ effectiveness in educational settings. Implications: The validated prompts allow nurse educators to efficiently generate realistic and pedagogically robust simulation-scenario drafts. This study presents a comprehensive approach to developing complete simulation-scenario components using GenAI. © 2026 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274930 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274923 Title: Development and validation of the psychological safety in nursing simulation (PSSANS) tool Ewha Authors: 강숙정 Abstract: Background: Nursing students frequently experience psychological pressure during simulation-based education, and promoting psychological safety in these settings may improve learning effectiveness. Aim: This study aims to develop and validate the Psychological Safety in Nursing Simulation (PSSANS) tool for undergraduate nursing students. Design: This was a methodological study. Methods: An initial pool of 28 PSSANS items was developed through a literature review. Content validity was evaluated in two rounds by a five-expert panel, retaining items with a content validity index (CVI) of ≥0.80. Two items were added after the first round based on expert recommendations, and all 30 items met the CVI threshold in the second round. A pretest involving 20 nursing students was conducted to assess item clarity and completion time. Subsequently, data from 366 nursing students with prior simulation experience were used to examine validity and reliability using item analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), convergent validity, and internal consistency testing. Results: EFA revealed a 21-item, 4-factor structure accounting for 59.8% of the total variance, and CFA supported its construct validity. Convergent validity was demonstrated by a significant negative correlation with the Penn State Worry Questionnaire. The PSSANS showed acceptable internal consistency, with an overall Cronbach's α of 0.757 and subscale α values ranging from 0.622 to 0.889. Conclusions: The PSSANS is a valid and reliable tool for assessing psychological safety in nursing simulation settings and may help nursing educators foster psychologically safe learning environments and enhance educational outcomes. © 2026 Elsevier Ltd Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274923 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274786 Title: Impacts of North Korean Defectors’ Cultural Orientation, PTSD, and Resilience on Their Social Adaptation in South Korea Ewha Authors: 김건희 Abstract: Introduction: Over 30,000 North Koreans have fled to South Korea, facing challenges in adapting to a new society. This study aimed to examine how cultural orientation, PTSD, and resilience influence their social adaptation. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 171 North Korean defectors using validated tools to assess cultural orientation, PTSD symptoms, resilience, and social adaptation. Results: PTSD was prevalent in 24% of participants and strongly negatively correlated with social adaptation (r = −.61, p < .001). Resilience showed a positive association with adaptation (r = .46, p < .001) and served as a protective factor against PTSD. Horizontal cultural orientation correlated with adaptation but was not a significant predictor. PTSD severity was the strongest predictor of poor adaptation. Discussion: These findings underscore the need for long-term, culturally appropriate mental health interventions and resilience-building programs to enhance the social integration of North Korean defectors and inform refugee support policy. © The Author(s) 2025 Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274786 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274772 Title: Generating multiple-choice questions using reverse engineering techniques Ewha Authors: 신수진 Abstract: The study is aimed at exploring the potential of using ChatGPT-4 to develop multiple-choice questions that adhere to item development principles through the application of reverse engineering techniques in nursing education. To determine whether ChatGPT-4 could generate multiple-choice questions regarding medical-surgical nursing, the researchers first evaluated ChatGPT-4’s level of nursing knowledge. The researchers then developed 20 prompts using reverse engineering techniques; these were subsequently entered into ChatGPT-4, resulting in the generation of 60 multiple-choice questions. All 60 questions were reviewed by five nursing education experts to evaluate compliance with item development principles. ChatGPT-4 demonstrated a high accuracy rate (98.00%) when answering multiple-choice questions about medical-surgical nursing education. AI-generated questions primarily adhered to the principles of item development, with an average compliance score of 7.90/9.00. The least adhered to among the nine-question development principles was ‘The question stem should use only essential words or phrases.’ Given that the AI-generated questions may serve as preliminary drafts for use in nursing education following expert review, ChatGPT-4 can function as a valuable tool in the design of educational materials. When utilizing ChatGPT-4, it is beneficial for nursing educators to apply reverse engineering techniques that enhance question quality through repeated comparison, as well as to analyze the prompts and corresponding AI-generated questions. Furthermore, including structured outlines and representative sample multiple-choice questions using Markdown syntax in the prompt can enhance the quality of AI-generated questions. © 2026 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT https://dspace.ewha.ac.kr/handle/2015.oak/274772 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z